Antiskid device



Jan. 10, 1933. H. M. sTETTNER ANTISKID DEVICE Filed June 6, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet mvENToR Hav/w M. .STETTNER lgl, f2.4 MM

ATTORNEY Jan. 10, 1933. H, M STETTNER `1,893,718

ANTISKID DEVICE Filed June 6, 1931 I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORN EY Jan. 10, 1933. H. M. STETTNER ANTISKID DEVICE Filed June 6. 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENToR Hf/VRY A4. SMU/VER mi? *LQ G-L-n-f 0.4mm(

ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 19, 1933 HENRY M. STE-TTNER, OF ST. PAUL, MNNESOTA ANTISKID DEW-'LCE Application led June 6, 1931. Serial No. 542,578.

'l`his invention relates to new and useful improvements in anti-skid devices.

in object of the invention is to provide an anti-skid device which may be attached to the wheel of an automobile and which has means convenient. to the drivers seat for rendering it operative to prevent the wheel from skidding.

A further object of the invention is to provide an anti-s rid device comprising a plurality of radially movable ground engaging eier ient-s normally positioned substantially wi n the circumference of the wheel, and having means for operating them to move them outwardly whereby the terminals thereof will engage the ground surface and thereby prevent the wheel from shielding.

il further object is to pr vide an anti-skid device comprising a support having means for securing it to the wheel folly, and a plurality of ground engaging elements being mounted in suitable guides provided on said support and having means for normally retaining them in inoperative positions, and mechanism being provided for actuating said elements to move them into operative positions whereby they will engage the ground surface, said operating mechanism being adapted to be supported upon a fixed part of the vehicle, such as the usual brake drum of the axle housing. Y

further object is to provide an anti-ski device comprising a plurality of radially movable ground-engaging elements adapted to be attached to the vehicle wheeland having tension means normally retaining them in inoperative positions, and means being provided adjacent to the drivers seat for controlling the operation of said ground 1 been disclosed a structure designed to carry enga@ ng elements and means also being proout the various objects of the invention, but it is to he understood that the invention is not confinedto the exact features shown as various changes may be made Within the sco-pe of the claims which follow.

ln the drawings:

Figure l is a view showing a conventional type of automobile with the invention embodied in a rear wheel thereof;

Figure 2 is an enlarged inside elevational view of the invention showing the general arrangement of the ground-engaging elements the operating mechanism there for, said mechanism being shown positioned to cause said elements to be moved into op- U erative positions;

Figure 3 is a detail sectional View on the line 3-3 of Figur-e 2, showing at the right hand side of the wheel, one of the elements in normal inoperative position, and the ele- 70 ment at the left hand side of the figure being shown in extended operative position;

Figure -l is an enlarged detail sectional view on the line lof Figure 5;

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view on the 75 line 5-5 of Figure 4, showing the dog out of locking eneagement with the stud;

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 2, nowing the operating mechanism positioned o engage the dogsand move them out of en- S0 jagement with their respective ground-engaging studs, whereby the latter are returned to their normal inoperative positions;

Figure 'i' is an enlarged detail sectional view on the line 7-7 of Figure 5; and 8J Figure 8 is a detail sectional view on the line 8 8 of Figure 6.

ln the selected embodiment of the invention here shown, there is illustrated in Figure l, an automobile comprising the usual hody 2, rear wheels 3., aille housing Il, brake drum 5, the usual foot board 6, and steering post 7.

The anti-skid device featured in this invention is shown comprising an annular support 8, preferably of strap iron having a plurality of suitable guides 9 secured thereto, as by screw threads 1l. rlhe guides 9 are here shown as of cylindrical cross section, and each is provided at its inner end with a suitable cap 12 secured thereto by suitable screw threads 13.

The annular support 8 is shown secured to the usual telly 14 of the Wheel by suitable brackets 15, the outer ends of which are rigidly secured to the support 8 by such means as riveting or spot Welding, and the inner ends thereof being shaped as best shown in Figure 3,Whereby a right angle portion 16 is provided on each bracket 15 adapted to be seated against the inner annular shoulder 17 of the Wheel telly 14. Each bracket 15 is further provided with an extension 18 adapted to project between the spokes of the wheel and terminating substantially in alinement with the outer shoulder 19 of the Wheel felly. An annular clamping member 21 is adapted to be seated against the inner angled portions 16 of the brackets 15 and is provided With a plurality of apertures, each of Which is alined With a corresponding aperture provided in the angled portion 16 of the brackets 15. Suitable clamping,` bolts 22 traverse the alined apertures provided in the clamping ring 21 and brackets 15, and the outer end portions of t iese bolts are adapted to receive clamping plates 23 which have their inner ends seated against the terminals of the eX- tensions 18 of the brackets, and their opposite ends seated against the annular shoulder 19 provided at the outer face of th wheel. Nhen the nuts 24 of the bolts 22 are tightened, the brackets will be securely clamped to the wheel telly as will readily be understood by reference to Figure 3.

The means provided for engaging the ground surface to prevent skidding of the wheel comprises a pluralit i of ground-engaging elements or studs 25 which are slidably mounted in the guides 9 of the annular support 8, as clearly illustrated in Figure 4. As all of the studs and their supports are alike in construction` but one such unit need be described in detail.

The stud 25 has one en d passing through an aperture 26 provided in the outer end of thc guide 9, and its terminal 27 is preferably cene-shaped or pointed, as shown in Figure 4, so as to cause it to tend to dig into the ground surface, When engaged therewith. A suitable washer or disk 28 is provided upon the stud Within the guide 9, and is seated against a pin 29 secured in the stud. A suitable spring 31 is coiled about the stud 25 Within the guide 9, and has one end seated against the head 32 at the outer end of the guide and its opposite end seated against the Washer 28. By thus mounting the spring upon the stud 25` the spring constantly urges the stud in an in@ Ward direction, as will readily be understood by reference to Figure 4. When positioned as shown in full lines in Figure 4, the terminal 27 of the stud Will be positioned so as not to engage the ground When the Wheel is rotated. The dotted line position in this same ligure illustrates the position of the stud when extended to engage the ground surface. (See Figure 2).

Means is provided Within the guide 9 adapted to lock the stud 25 in its operative position, indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 4. ISuch means is shown in Figures 4, 5, and 7, and comprises a dog 33 pivotally mounted Within the cap 12 of the guide as shown in Figure 4. To morably support the dog 33 Within the cap 12, a suitable Washer or circular plate 34 is secured to the cap by means of a plurality of shouldered studs 35-35 and 36, which act as spacers bet-Ween the inner end 37 of the cap l2 and the plate 34. The dog 33 is mounted between the plate 34 and the portion 37 ot the cap, and is pivotally retained therein by means of the stud 36 which passes through an aperture provided in the dog. Projecting guide flanges 38 and 39 are provided on the cap 12 betweenwhich the outer end portion 41 of tie dog moves, as indicated by the full and dotted lines in Figure 5. A suitable spring 42 has one end secured to the cap 12 -by such means as a screw 43 While the opposite free end is disposed bet-Ween the flanges 38 and 39 and bears against the dog 33 and constantly tends to move it in a direction to cause the hook-like end portion 44 thereof to engage the annular shoulder 45 provided upon the inner end of the stud as shown in Figure 4. The dog is movable in a suitable aperture or slot 46 provided in the Wall of the cap 12, as Will be clearly understood by reference to Figures 5 and 7.

When the stud is in its retracted position, as shown in full lines in Figure 4, the hooklike portion 44 of the dog will ride upon the periphery of the stud, as clearly shown in Figure 5. When, however, the stud is moved outwardly to the dot-ted line position shown in Figure 4, the spring 42 Will cause the portion 44 of the dog to move into engagement With the reduced end portion 47 of the stud, Whereby it will engage the annular shoulder 45 of the stud and thus prevent the latter from returning to its normal retracted position. When the dog is moved from the dotted line position, indicated at A in Figure 5 to the dotted line position indicated at B in this same figure, the portion 44 thereof will move out of engagement with the annular shoulder 45, whereupon the spring 3l will cause the stud to be immediately returned to its normal inoperative position.y as shown in full lines in Figure 4. y

The means provided for operating the studs 25 to cause them to mov-e into and out or'l operative positions is best shown in Figures 2, 6, and 8. A supporting bar 48 is suitably secured to a lined port-ion or" the automobile chassis as, for example, the Wall 49 of the brake drum 5, by such means bolts 5l anu 52, the latter being shown provided With lll) an enlarged central portion 53 which acts las a spacer between the bar 48 and another bar 54 which also is secured in tixed relation to the brake drum by means of the bolts 51 and 52. The ber 48 has an extension 55 to which a` cam bar 56 is pivotally secured by a suitable pin 57. rlhe opposite end of the cam bar 56 is pivotally connected to one end of an arcu- .at-ely formed bar 58 by a pin 59, the opposite end ci' which has a flanged stud 61 secured thereto which operates in a guide slot 62 provided in the opposite end of the fixed bar 48. By thus pivotally connecting together the bars 56 and 58, they may be moved from the positions shown in Figure 6 to the positions shown in Figure 2, as will subsequently be described.

The means Jfor operating the cam bar 56 comprises a link 63 having one end pivota-lly connected to the bars 56 and 58 by means of the pin 59, and the opposite end of which is pivotally connected to a bell crank 64 supported upon the enlarged portion 53 oi the bolt 52 and adapted to swing thereon. An operating rod 65 has one end connected to the bell crank and has its opposite end connected to an arm 66 provided upon la foot pedal 67 situated convenient to the drivers seat, as shown in Figure 1. Vhen the foot pedal 67 is depressed, the bell crank 64 will be moved from the dotted to the full line position shown in Figure 2, whereby thel cam bar 56 will be moved from the full line position shown in Figure 6 to the full line position shown in Figure 2, thereby causing the reduced terminals 47 of the studs to successively engage said cam bar whereby the studs 25 will be moved outwardly against the tensions of the springs 31 to the dotted line positions shown in Figure 4, whereby the dogs 33 will snap into locking engagement therewith and thereby retain the studs in their extended operative positions, as shown at the left hand side of Figure 2.- A suitable spring, not shown, normally retains the cam bar 56 and the toot pedal 67 in their normal inoperative positions, as shown in Figure 1.

T he arcuately formed bar 58 functions as a means of preventing the inner reduced terminals 47 oi` the studs Jfrom striking against the swinging end of the cam bar 56, in the event that the direction of movement of the vehicle is reversed so that the wheel is rotated in a backwardly direction. `When such an occurrence arises and the cam bar is in operative position, the inner reduced terminals 47 or" the studs 25 will engage the bar 58, whereupon the studs will be moved outwardly into locking engagement with the dogs 33, thereby positively preventing the inner ends of the studs from accidentally becoming locked with the swinging end of the cam bar 56.

The means provided for releasing the dogs from the studs 25 to permit the latter to return to their normal retracted positions is shown in Figures 2,-6, and 8, vand comprises a small slide 68 movably mounted upon the end portion 69 of the Xed bar 54. This slide is shown supported by means of a pair of studs 71 and 72, each having one end secured to the slide and being provided with enlarged portions 73 slidable in slots 74 provided in the end portion 69 of the bar 54. The opposite reducedV end portions 75 of the studs 71 and '7 2 are engaged with a plate .76 and are secured thereto by the nuts 77 of the studs 71 and 72. The outer end portion of the slide 68 is provided with a cam face 78 adapted to be moved into the path'of the projections 41 of the dogs 33, as will be clearly understood by reference to Figure 6. When the slide is thus positioned, the projections 41 of the dogs will successively engage the cani face 78, whereupon the dogs will be operated to release the studs and thus permit the. latter to return to their normal retracted position, as shown at the right hand side of Figures 2 and 6.

A suitable tension spring 81 has one end secured to the bar 54 by a suitable hook member 82, and its opposite end engaged with the slide 68 by means of a suitable hook member 83, which also is shown providedvwith an eye 84 to which a suitable cable or operating member 85 may be connected, as shown in Figure 3. The opposite end of the cable 85 may extend forwardly around suitable sheaves or pulleys 86, provided beneath the door board 6 of the vehicle and preferably has a suitable operating handle 87 suitably supported upon the steering post 7, so that the driver may conveniently manipulate said handle to cause actuation of the slide 68. rlhe spring 81 normally returns the slide 68 to its normal inoperative position, shown in Figure 2.

When it is desired to cause the studs 25 to move into operative positions, the driver will depress the foot pedal 67, whereupon the cam bar 56 will be moved from the full line position shown in Figure 6 to the full line position shown in Figure 2, thereby causing the reduced terminals 47 of the studs 45 to successively engage the cam bar 56, whereby the studs will be moved outwardly to their operative positions against the tensions of the springs 31. lhen the studs 25 are moved to their extended operative positions by the cam bar 56, the dogs 33V will snap into locking engagement therewith by the actions of the springs 42, and will be held in their operative positions until the slide 68 is actuated by manipulation of the control levers 87 provided upon the steering post. TWhen this control lever is operated, the slide 68 will be moved from the position shown in Figure 2 to that shown in Figure 6, whereby the projections 41 of the dogs 33 will successively engage the cam face 78 of the slide 68 and thus move CTI the dogs out of engagement with the shoulders or the studs, thereby permitting the springs 31 to return the studs to their normal retracted positions.

The construction of the device, as a Whole, is such that it may be quickly installed upon a vehicle and provides means .vhereby skidding of the Wheels may be positively prevented. The outside diameter of the annular support 8 is comparatively less than the diameter or' the tire, so that When the studs 25 are in retracted positions, as shown at the lower right hand side o Figure 2, they cannot engage the ground surface unless the tire becomes deflated. Should the tire become deflated, the load may be temporarily carried upon the annular support S until the deflated tire has been removed from the Wheel and repaired, or until another one has been substituted therefor. This novel' device may, therefore, be used in an emergency to carry the load of the vehicle in the event that the tire is punctured and the driver desires to drive to a near-by service station to have t-he tire repaired or another one substituted therefor.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an anti-skid device, a support adapted to be secured to a Wheel, a cylinder secured to said support and having a Wall at one end provided with an aperture, a head demountably secured to the opposite end oie said cylinder, a plate mounted in said head and adapted to be seated against the end of the cylinder, means for spacing said plate from the end Wall of said head to provide a chamber between said plate and said end Wall, a stud mounted in said cylinder and havingone end port-ion projecting' through the aperture provided in the end Wall of the cylinder and having its opposite end projecting through alined apertures in said plate and the end Wall of said head, a spring actuated dog pivotally mounted in said chamber and having an end portion adapted to lockingly engage said stud to secure the latter in operative position, and means for moving said dog out of locking engagement With said stud to permit the latter to return to inoperative position.

2. In an anti-skid device, a support adapted to be secured to a Wheel, a cylinder secured to said support and having a Wall at one end provided With an aperture, a head demountably secured to the opposite end of said cylinder and having an end Wall, a plate mounted in said head and adapted to be seated against the other end oIn the cylinder, means for spacing said plate from the end Wall of said head to provide a chamber between said plate and said end Wall, a shouldered stud mounted in said cylinder and having its unshouldered end portion projecting through the aperture provided in the end Wall of the cylinder, the shouldered end portion of said stud projecting through aligned apertures provided in said plate and the end Wall of said head, a spring normally retaining said stud in inoperative position, means for moving said stud into operative position, a spring actuated dog mounted in said chamber and adapted to engage the shoulder on said stud to thereby loclr the latter in operative position, and means for movingl said dog out of locking engagement With said shoulder to permit the stud to return to its inoperative position.

3. In an anti-skid device, a support adapted to be secured to a Wheel, a plurality of radially disposed guides mounted on said support and each comprising a hollow body having a Wall at its outer end provided with an aperture, heads secured to the inner ends of said holler.T bocies and each provided with an end Wall having an aperture therein, a plate mounted. in eacn head and spaced from the end Wall thereof to provide a chamber in each head, said plates also having apertures therein alined 7ith the apertures in the end Walls of said bodies and said heads, studs mounted in said guides and having portions projecting through the apertures provided in the end Walls tnercoil and having their opposite ends projecting through alined apertures provided in said plates and the end Walls or said heads, spring-actuated dogs pivotally mounted in said chambers and having Y portions adapted to loclrinofly engage tl eir respective studs to secure them in operative positions, and means for moving said dogs out of locking engagement with said studs to permit the latter to be returned to inoperative positions. In an anti-skid device, a support adapted to be secured to a Wheel, a plurality of radially disposed guides mounted on said support and each having an end Wall at its outer enc provided with an aperture, heads secured to the inner ends of said guides and each having an end .vall provided vvi th a suitable aperture, a second Wall in each head spaced from the end Walls thereof to provide a chamber in each head, said second Walls also having apertures therein alined with said aforementioned apertures, spring-actuated studs nounted for reciprocal movement in said guides and having portions projecting through the apertures in the other ends of said guides, the inner end portions oi' said studs projecting through the alined apertures in the Walls of said heads and traversing said chambers, means mounted in said chambers adapted to loclringly engage said studs to secure them in operL Je positions, and means for moving said locking means out of engagement with said studs to permit the latter to be returned to inoperative positions.

5. In an anti-s device, a support adapted to be secured to a Wheel, a plurality of radially disposed guides mounted on said support and each having an end Wall at its outer end provided with an aperture, heads secured to the inner ends of said guides and each having an end Wall provided with a suitable aperture, a second wail in each head spaced from the end Walls thereof to provide a chamber in Ieach head, said second Walls also having apertures therein alined with the apertures in the end Walls of said guides and heads, spring-actuated studs mounted for reciprocai movement in said guides and having portions projecting through the apertures in the end Walls of said guides, the inner end p0rtions of said studs projecting through the alined apertures in the Walls of said heads, l5 movabie members mounted in said chambers adapte-d to icohingly engage said studs to secure them in operative positions, means for moving said studs into operative positions whereby said movable members Will move into locking engagement therewith, and means for moving said locking members out of engagement with their respective studs to permit the latter to be returned to inoperative positions. In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this Lith day of J une, 1931.

HENRY M. STETTNER. 

